History of Comacchio, an Attractive Italian Town
Kamis, 31 Januari 2013
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Comacchio is a city in eastern Italy, a little way south of Venice. Like its famous neighbour, Comacchio also developed 'out of the water' and is an attractive town of bridges and canals. It wasn't always this way, and a look at the history of Comacchio will help you make your most of a visit.
The town originally developed as scattered settlements along the mouth of the Po Delta, these settlements expanding to join together and now spread across thirteen islands that are separated by channels and joined by numerous bridges.
Although the history of the town can only be dated back as far as the Middle Ages, there is also evidence that the place was a very old human settlement dating back to the Bronze Age, and its first founders would have probably been the early Greek and then Etruscan merchants, who founded the ancient Etruscan city of Spina. The Greeks and the Etruscans lived here before the Ancient Roman empire - hence approximately 2500 years ago.
In fact the name of the town perhaps comes from the Greek 'Kuma' (the wave) so the name would indicate a 'city among the waves' - entirely appropriate given the coastal marshland location of Comacchio.
Comacchio in the Middle Ages was already an important trade city, especially in salt, and it had a considerably fleet. This however provoked the attention of wealthy Venice, which repeatedly tried to seize the city. Attacks were carried out by Venice in 854, 946, 1379 and 1405, each of which which provoked lootings and destructions in the city, until the Venetians finally managed to get hold of Comacchio and its valuable salt-works in 1455.
The history of the struggles for the conquest of Comacchio and its salt-works did not end here, because the city, from 1313, was taken by the Dukes of Ferrara, who were themselves expelled by the Venetians in 1434. But the Dukes of Ferrara took possession of the city again in 1484, and they held it until 1509. The reaction of Venice on this occasion was very hard; it not only destroyed the town, but also almost all of the salt-works. The land, now almost worthless, was left in the hands of the Duke of Ferrara, who held it until the extinction of the Dukedom, in 1598.
From that date, and with the disappearance of the Dukes of Ferrara, Comacchio was governed by the rule of the Church-State. Under this papal rule Comacchio had a new phase of building development, both religious and civil, that continued until the mid-seventeenth Century. At that time the city had a new period of economic crisis, mainly because the Church-State had to close a large proportion of the salt-works to encourage those of Cervia, which were considered far more productive.
In the first half of the 18th century Comacchio was ruled by the Austrians, who gave the city a major economic boost, reopening the salt-works, improving roads and enhancing the city defences with new fortifications.
Comacchio then again returned to the Church-State until 1796, when, in the Napoleonic age, it became a French domain, and then, with the Unification of Italy, it entered in the Kingdom of Italy (1861).
The town originally developed as scattered settlements along the mouth of the Po Delta, these settlements expanding to join together and now spread across thirteen islands that are separated by channels and joined by numerous bridges.
Although the history of the town can only be dated back as far as the Middle Ages, there is also evidence that the place was a very old human settlement dating back to the Bronze Age, and its first founders would have probably been the early Greek and then Etruscan merchants, who founded the ancient Etruscan city of Spina. The Greeks and the Etruscans lived here before the Ancient Roman empire - hence approximately 2500 years ago.
In fact the name of the town perhaps comes from the Greek 'Kuma' (the wave) so the name would indicate a 'city among the waves' - entirely appropriate given the coastal marshland location of Comacchio.
Comacchio in the Middle Ages was already an important trade city, especially in salt, and it had a considerably fleet. This however provoked the attention of wealthy Venice, which repeatedly tried to seize the city. Attacks were carried out by Venice in 854, 946, 1379 and 1405, each of which which provoked lootings and destructions in the city, until the Venetians finally managed to get hold of Comacchio and its valuable salt-works in 1455.
The history of the struggles for the conquest of Comacchio and its salt-works did not end here, because the city, from 1313, was taken by the Dukes of Ferrara, who were themselves expelled by the Venetians in 1434. But the Dukes of Ferrara took possession of the city again in 1484, and they held it until 1509. The reaction of Venice on this occasion was very hard; it not only destroyed the town, but also almost all of the salt-works. The land, now almost worthless, was left in the hands of the Duke of Ferrara, who held it until the extinction of the Dukedom, in 1598.
From that date, and with the disappearance of the Dukes of Ferrara, Comacchio was governed by the rule of the Church-State. Under this papal rule Comacchio had a new phase of building development, both religious and civil, that continued until the mid-seventeenth Century. At that time the city had a new period of economic crisis, mainly because the Church-State had to close a large proportion of the salt-works to encourage those of Cervia, which were considered far more productive.
In the first half of the 18th century Comacchio was ruled by the Austrians, who gave the city a major economic boost, reopening the salt-works, improving roads and enhancing the city defences with new fortifications.
Comacchio then again returned to the Church-State until 1796, when, in the Napoleonic age, it became a French domain, and then, with the Unification of Italy, it entered in the Kingdom of Italy (1861).
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Judul: History of Comacchio, an Attractive Italian Town
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